Isakhiwo nempahla
Ikhawunda elikhiphayo lakhiwe nge-valve element, i-silicon bridge type rectifier, capacitor, counter electromagnetic counter andsoon, isebenzisa amandla we-arrester (surge current and power frequency current) ukulanda i-voltage ku-valve element (non linear resistan-ce ), Bese ishaja i-capacitor ohlangothini olulodwa nge-sllicon bridge typerectifier, yenza amakhoyili wokukhishwa kwe-coun-ter kagesi ngefomu le-DC yokuguqula ikhawunta, ngakho-ke ingabona ukuthi amathini asebenzayo angarekhodwa.
Ikhawunda elikhiphayo lakhiwe nge-valve element, i-silicon bridge type retifer, i-capacitor, ikhawunta ye-electromagnetic njalonjalo, lisebenzisa amandla okubamba (i-surgecurrent namandla wamandla wamanje) ukulanda i-voltage ku-elementi ye-valve (non linear resistanc-e ), bese-ke ikhokhisa i-capacitor ohlangothini olulodwa ngohlobo lwe-silion bridge bridge, lenza amakhoyili wokukhishwa kwe-electromagnetic count-er ngefomu le-DCpower ukuhambisa ikhawunda, ngakho-ke ingabona ukuthi izikhathi zokusebenza zingaqoshwa.