Isakhiwo nempahla
Iyakhiphacounteryakhiwe ngento ye-valve, isihlungi sohlobo lwebhuloho le-silicon, i-capacitor, isibali sikazibuthe futhi maduzane, yenza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okubopha (i-surge current kanye namandla amanje amvamisa) ukulanda i-voltage ku-valve element (non-linear resistan-ce), bese ishaja ku-capacitor ngendlela eyodwa ngokusebenzisa i-sllicon bridge typerectifier, yenza i-coil yamandla kazibuthe we-DC ngaleyo ndlela ingabona ukuthi izinombolo zokusebenza zingarekhodwa.
Ikhawunta yokukhipha i-valve yenziwe nge-valve element, i-silicon bridge type retifer, i-capacitor, i-electromagnetic counter nokunye, yenza ukuthi kusetshenziswe amandla okubopha (i-surgecurrent kanye ne-power frequency current) ukulanda i-voltage ku-valve element (non-linear resistanc-e), bese ishaja ku-capacitor ngendlela eyodwa ngokusebenzisa i-silion bhuloho yebhuloho uhlobo lwe-coil retifer ye-DC, yenza i-electromagnetic form retifer retifer ye-DC. ikhawunta, ngaleyo ndlela ingabona ukuthi izikhathi zokusebenza zingarekhodwa.