Imiphumela yokwanda komoya ingabangela ukwehluleka okusheshayo noma umonakalo emishinini okubonakala kuphela esikhathini eside. Ama-SPD avame ukufakwa ngaphakathi kweyunithi yabathengi ukuvikela ukufakwa kukagesi kodwa kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-SPD ezitholakalayo ukuvikela ukufakwa kwezinye izinsizakalo ezingenayo, njengezintambo zocingo kanye ne-TV yekhebula. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuvikela ukufakwa kukagesi kuphela hhayi ezinye izinsizakalo kungashiya enye indlela yokuthi ama-voltage esikhashana angene ekufakweni.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezahlukene zamadivayisi okuvikela okukhuphuka:

• Uhlobo 1 lwe-SPD lufakwe ekuqaleni, isib. ibhodi lokusabalalisa eliyinhloko.
• Uhlobo lwesibili lwe-SPD lufakwe kumabhodi okusabalalisa amancane
  • (Ama-SPD ohlobo 1 no-2 ahlanganisiwe ayatholakala futhi avame ukufakwa kumayunithi abathengi).
• I-Type 3 SPD ifakwe eduze komthwalo ovikelwe. Kumelwe ifakwe kuphela njengesengezo ku-Type 2 SPD.

Lapho kudingeka amadivayisi amaningi ukuvikela ukufakwa, kumele ahlanganiswe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okulungile. Izinto ezinikezwa abakhiqizi abahlukene kufanele ziqinisekiswe ukuthi ziyahambisana yini, umfakisi kanye nabakhiqizi bamadivayisi yibona abangcono kakhulu ukunikeza isiqondiso kulokhu.

Kuyini ama-overvoltage esikhashana?

Ama-overvoltage esikhashana achazwa njengokukhuphuka kukagesi kwesikhathi esifushane okwenzeka ngenxa yokukhishwa kwamandla okungazelelwe agcinwe ngaphambilini noma okubangelwa ezinye izindlela. Ama-overvoltage esikhashana angaba khona ngokwemvelo noma enziwe ngumuntu.

Kwenzeka kanjani ukuthi ama-overvoltage esikhashana avele?

Ama-transient enziwe ngumuntu avela ngenxa yokushintsha kwama-motor nama-transformer, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokukhanyisa. Ngokomlando lokhu bekungeyona inkinga ekufakweni kwasekhaya kodwa muva nje, ukufakwa kuyashintsha ngokufika kobuchwepheshe obusha njengokushaja izimoto zikagesi, amaphampu okushisa omoya/omthombo womhlaba kanye nemishini yokuwasha elawulwa ngesivinini kwenze ama-transient abe maningi amathuba okuba kwenzeke ekufakweni kwasekhaya.

Ukugqagqana kwamandla ombane okwenziwa ngokwemvelo kwenzeka ngenxa yokushaywa kombani okungaqondile okungenzeka kakhulu ngenxa yokushaywa kombani oqondile kugesi ongaphezulu noma umugqa wocingo oseduze okubangela ukuba ukugqagqana kwamandla ombane okwenziwa ngokwemvelo kuhambe emigqeni, okungadala umonakalo omkhulu ekufakweni kukagesi kanye nemishini ehambisanayo.

Ingabe kufanele ngifake ama-SPD?

Uhlelo lwamanje lwe-IET Wiring Regulations, BS 7671:2018, luthi ngaphandle kokuthi kwenziwe ukuhlolwa kobungozi, kuzonikezwa isivikelo ekukhuphukeni kwamandla kagesi okwesikhashana lapho umphumela obangelwa ukudlula kwamandla kagesi ungase:

• Kubangela ukulimala okukhulu, noma ukulahlekelwa, impilo yomuntu; noma
• Kuholela ekuphazamisekeni kwezinsizakalo zomphakathi kanye/noma ekulimaleni kwefa lamasiko; noma
• Kuholela ekuphazamisekeni komsebenzi wezohwebo noma wezimboni; noma
• Kuthinta inani elikhulu labantu abahlala ndawonye.

Lo mthethonqubo usebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezakhiwo ezifaka phakathi ezasekhaya, ezentengiselwano kanye nezezimboni.

Kuhlelo lwangaphambilini lwe-IET Wiring Regulations, BS 7671:2008+A3:2015, bekukhona okuhlukile kokuthi ezinye izindlu zasekhaya zingafakwa ezidingweni zokuvikela ukukhuphuka kwegesi, isibonelo, uma zinikezwa ikhebula elingaphansi komhlaba, kodwa lokhu sekususiwe futhi manje sekuyimfuneko yazo zonke izinhlobo zezakhiwo kufaka phakathi amayunithi okuhlala abantu ngabanye. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezintsha kanye nezakhiwo ezivuselelwa ngogesi.

Nakuba iMithetho Yokuxhumanisa Izintambo ye-IET ingabheki emuva, lapho kwenziwa umsebenzi kusekethe ekhona ngaphakathi kokufakwa okuklanywe futhi kwafakwa kuhlelo lwangaphambilini lweMithetho Yokuxhumanisa Izintambo ye-IET, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isekethe eguquliwe iyahambisana nohlelo lwakamuva, lokhu kuzoba wusizo kuphela uma kufakwa ama-SPD ukuvikela ukufakwa konke.

Isinqumo sokuthi bazothenga ama-SPD sisezandleni zekhasimende, kodwa kufanele banikezwe ulwazi olwanele ukuze benze isinqumo esinolwazi ngokuthi bayafisa yini ukushiya ama-SPD. Isinqumo kufanele senziwe ngokusekelwe ezintweni eziyingozi zokuphepha kanye nokuhlolwa kwezindleko zama-SPD, okungabiza kancane amakhilogremu ambalwa, uma kuqhathaniswa nezindleko zokufakwa kukagesi kanye nemishini exhunywe kuwo njengamakhompyutha, ama-TV kanye nemishini edingekayo, isibonelo, ukutholwa kwentuthu kanye nezilawuli zebhoyila.

Ukuvikelwa kokuqhuma kungafakwa eyunithi yabathengi ekhona uma isikhala esifanelekile esibonakalayo sitholakala noma, uma isikhala esanele singekho, singafakwa egcekeni langaphandle eliseduze neyunithi yabathengi ekhona.

Kuhle futhi ukuhlola nenkampani yakho yomshuwalense njengoba amanye amapholisi angasho ukuthi imishini kumele imbozwe yi-SPD noma ngeke ikhokhelwe uma kwenzeka isimangalo.