Imiphumela yokuhlinza ingaholela ekuhlulekeni okusheshayo noma ekulimaleni okokusebenza okubonakala kuphela esikhathini eside. Ama-SPD ngokuvamile afakwa ngaphakathi kweyunithi yabathengi ukuze kuvikelwe ukufakwa kukagesi kodwa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-SPD ziyatholakala ukuze kuvikelwe ukufakwa kwezinye izinsiza ezingenayo, njengezintambo zocingo kanye ne-TV yekhebula. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuvikela ukufakwa kukagesi kukodwa hhayi amanye amasevisi kungashiya omunye umzila ukuze ama-voltage adlulayo angene ekufakeni.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ezihlukene zamadivayisi okuvikela okuhlinzwa:

• Thayipha 1 SPD efakwe lapho kuvela khona, isb. ibhodi lokusabalalisa eliyinhloko.
• Thayipha 2 SPD efakwe kumabhodi okusabalalisa angaphansi
  • (Ama-SPD Ahlanganisiwe Ohlobo 1 & 2 ayatholakala futhi ngokuvamile afakwa kumayunithi abathengi).
• Thayipha 3 SPD efakwe eduze komthwalo ovikelekile. Kufanele zifakwe kuphela njengesengezo ku-Type 2 SPD.

Lapho kudingeka khona amadivaysi amaningi ukuze kuvikelwe ukufakwa, kufanele ahlanganiswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okulungile. Izinto ezihlinzekwe abakhiqizi abahlukene kufanele ziqinisekiswe ngokuhambisana, isifaki nabakhiqizi bamadivayisi babekwe kangcono kakhulu ukuze banikeze isiqondiso kulokhu.

Ayini ama-overvoltages esikhashana?

Ama-overvoltages adlulayo achazwa njengokukhuphuka kukagesi kwesikhathi esifushane okwenzeka ngenxa yokukhishwa kungazelelwe kwamandla agcinwe ngaphambilini noma adangwe ngezinye izindlela. Ama-overvoltages esikhashana angaba ngokwemvelo noma enziwe umuntu.

Kwenzeka kanjani ama-overvoltages esikhashana?

Ama-transient enziwe umuntu avela ngenxa yokushintshwa kwezinjini nama-transformer, kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokukhanyisa. Ngokomlando lokhu bekungeyona inkinga ekufakweni kwasekhaya kodwa muva nje, ukufakwa kuyashintsha ngokufika kobuchwepheshe obusha obufana nokushaja imoto kagesi, amaphampu okushisa omoya/omthombo waphansi kanye nemishini yokuwasha elawulwa isivinini yenze ukuthi izinto ezidlulayo zibe maningi amathuba okuba zenzeke phakathi kokufaka kwasekhaya.

Ukweqisa kwemvelo okudlulayo kwenzeka ngenxa yokushaya kombani okungaqondile okungenzeka kakhulu kwenzeke ngenxa yokushaya kombani oqondile kumandla angaphezulu aseduze noma ulayini wocingo obangela ukugcwala ngokweqile kwesikhashana ukuthi kuhambe kolayini, okungadala umonakalo omkhulu ekufakweni kukagesi nezisetshenziswa ezihambisanayo.

Ingabe kufanele ngifake ama-SPD?

Uhlelo lwamanje lwe-IET Wiring Regulations, BS 7671:2018, luthi ngaphandle uma kwenziwa ukuhlolwa kwengcuphe, ukuvikelwa ekugqileni kwesikhashana kuzonikezwa lapho umphumela obangelwe ukugcwala ngokweqile kungaba:

• Umphumela wokulimala kabi, noma ukulahlekelwa, ukuphila komuntu; noma
• Umphumela wokuphazanyiswa kwezinsizakalo zomphakathi kanye/noma ukulimala kwamagugu amasiko; noma
• Umphumela wokuphazanyiswa komsebenzi wezohwebo noma wezimboni; noma
• Kuthinta inani elikhulu labantu abahlala ndawonye.

Lo mthethonqubo usebenza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezakhiwo ezibandakanya ezasekhaya, ezohwebo nezimboni.

Ohlelweni lwangaphambili lwe-IET Wiring Regulations, BS 7671:2008+A3:2015, kube khona okuhlukile kokuthi ezinye izindawo zokuhlala zasekhaya zingafakwa ezidingweni zokuvikela ukukhuphuka, isibonelo, uma zihlinzekwa ngentambo engaphansi komhlaba, kodwa lokhu manje sekususiwe futhi manje kuyimfuneko yazo zonke izinhlobo zezakhiwo ezihlanganisa indawo yokuhlala eyodwa. Lokhu kusebenza kukho konke ukwakhiwa okusha nezakhiwo ezifakwa kabusha izintambo.

Nakuba iMithetho Yezintambo ze-IET ingabuyeli emuva, lapho umsebenzi wenziwa kusekethe ekhona ngaphakathi kokufakwa okuklanywe futhi kwafakwa kuhlelo lwangaphambilini lwe-IET Wiring Regulations, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isekethe eguquliwe ihambisana noshicilelo lwakamuva, lokhu kuzoba yinzuzo kuphela uma ama-SPD efakiwe ukuvikela ukufakwa konke.

Isinqumo sokuthi athenge ama-SPD sisezandleni zekhasimende, kodwa kufanele anikezwe ulwazi olwanele ukuze enze isinqumo esinolwazi mayelana nokuthi afuna ukuwayeka yini ama-SPD. Isinqumo kufanele senziwe ngokusekelwe ezicini zengozi yokuphepha nokulandela ukuhlolwa kwezindleko zama-SPD, okungase kubize kancane njengamaphawundi angamakhulu ambalwa, ngokumelene nezindleko zokufakwa kukagesi nezinto zokusebenza ezixhunywe kuwo njengamakhompyutha, ama-TV kanye nemishini edingekayo, isibonelo, ukutholwa kwentuthu nokulawula ubhayela.

Ukuvikelwa kwe-surgery bekungafakwa kuyunithi ekhona yabathengi uma indawo ebonakalayo itholakala noma, uma isikhala esanele singekho, singafakwa endaweni ebiyelwe yangaphandle eseduze neyunithi yomthengi ekhona.

Kuyafaneleka futhi ukuthi uhlole inkampani yakho yomshwalense njengoba ezinye izinqubomgomo zingasho ukuthi okokusebenza kufanele kukhavwe ne-SPD noma ngeke bakhokhe uma kwenzeka isicelo.