Abstract: ngoFebhuwari 28, 2020, kukhishwe udaba oluthi “sekuyisikhathi sokuqala umzuliswano omusha wokwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda”, oludale ukunakwa okubanzi kanye nengxoxo mayelana “nengqalasizinda entsha” emakethe. Ngemuva kwalokho, izindaba ze-CCTV zibhale inqwaba yokushaja njengenye yezinkambu eziyisikhombisa ezinkulu zokwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda.

1. Isimo samanje sokushaja inqwaba

Ingqalasizinda entsha igxile kakhulu kwezesayensi nakwezobuchwepheshe, kufaka phakathi ukwakhiwa kweziteshi ezingama-5g, i-UHV, izitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esikhulu kanye nokuhamba kwezitimela ezihamba phambili, imoto entsha yokushaja amandla, isikhungo esikhulu sedatha, ubuhlakani bokufakelwa kanye ne-Intanethi yezimboni. Njengengqalasizinda yokwengeza amandla yemoto kagesi, ukubaluleka kokushaja inqwaba akunakunakwa.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla kuyindlela kuphela yokuthi iChina isuke ezweni elikhulu lezimoto iye ezweni elinamandla lezimoto. Ukukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda yokushaja kuyisiqinisekiso esinamandla sokuqalisa kwaleli su. Ukusuka ku-2015 kuya ku-2019, inani lezinqwaba zokushaja e-China lenyuke lisuka ku-66000 laya ku-1219000, futhi inani lezimoto ezintsha zamandla lenyuke lisuka ku-420000 laya ezigidini ezingama-3.81 ngesikhathi esifanayo, kanti isilinganiso senqwaba yemoto esihambile sehle sisuka ku-6.4: 1 ngo-2015 kuya 3.1: 1 ngo-2019, nezinsiza zokushaja zenziwa ngcono.

Ngokuya ngohlaka lohlelo olusha lokuthuthukisa imboni yezimoto zamandla kagesi (2021-2035) olukhishwe nguMnyango Wezimboni nobuchwepheshe bolwazi, kulinganiselwa ukuthi inani lezimoto zamandla amasha eChina lizofinyelela kwizigidi ezingama-64.2 ngonyaka ka-2030. Ngokuya ngenhloso yokwakha yesilinganiso senqwaba yezimoto esingu-1: 1, kunegebe lezigidi ezingama-63 ekwakhiweni kwenqwaba yokushaja eChina eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo, futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi kuzokwakhiwa yuan eyi-1.02 trillion yuan yemali yokwakha ingqalasizinda yenqwaba.

Kuze kube manje, imidondoshiya eminingi ingene emkhakheni wokushaja inqwaba, futhi isenzo "sokuzingela" ngokuzayo siqale ngendlela ejikelezayo. Kule mpi “yokubuka imali”, iZLG ibisebenza kanzima ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezisezingeni eliphakeme kumabhizinisi amashaja izimoto.

2. Ukuhlukaniswa kwamaphoyinti okushaja

1. AC inqwaba

Lapho amandla okushaja engaphansi kuka-40kW, ukukhishwa kwe-AC kwenqwaba yokushaja kuguqulwa kube yi-DC ukushaja ibhethri ekubhodi ngokusebenzisa ishaja yemoto. Amandla amancane nesivinini sokushaja sihamba kancane. Ngokuvamile ifakwa endaweni yokupaka yangasese yomphakathi. Njengamanje, amacala amaningi ukuthenga izimoto ezizothumela izinqwaba, futhi ukulawulwa kwezindleko zenqwaba yonke kuqine kakhulu. Inqwaba ye-AC ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi yinqwaba yokushaja kancane ngenxa yemodi yayo yokushaja ehamba kancane.

2. DC inqwaba:

Amandla okushaja wenqwaba ejwayelekile ye-DC angama-40 ~ 200kW, futhi kulinganiselwa ukuthi izinga lokukhokhisa ngokweqile lizokhishwa ngo-2021, futhi amandla angafinyelela ku-950kw. Okukhiphayo okuqondile okuvela enqwabeni yokushaja kubiza ngqo ibhethri yemoto, enamandla amakhulu nesivinini sokushaja ngokushesha. Ngokuvamile ifakwa ezindaweni zokushaja ezimaphakathi njenge-Expressways neziteshi zokushaja. Uhlobo lokusebenza luqinile, oludinga inzuzo yesikhathi eside. Inqwaba ye-DC inamandla amakhulu nokushaja okusheshayo, okubizwa nangokuthi inqwaba yokushaja okusheshayo.

3. I-ZLG izibophezele ekuhlinzekeni izixazululo ezifanele zamaphoyinti okushaja

Eyasungulwa ngo-1999, i-Guangzhou Ligong Technology Co., Ltd. inikeza izixazululo ze-chip nezihlakaniphi ze-IOT zabasebenzisi bezimboni nabezimoto, ezihlinzeka amakhasimende ngobuchwepheshe obuchwepheshe nezinsizakalo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wempilo yomkhiqizo kusukela ekuhlolweni kokukhethwa, ukuthuthukiswa nokuklanywa, ukuhlolwa nokuqinisekiswa kuya kusisindo ukukhiqizwa kokulwa nomgunyathi. Ingqalasizinda entsha yeZhabeu, iZLG inikeza isixazululo esifanelekile senqwaba yokushaja.

1. Inqwaba yokugeleza

Inqwaba ye-AC inezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zobuchwepheshe nezidingo eziphakeme, ikakhulukazi kufaka phakathi iyunithi yokulawula yokushaja, ishaja neyunithi yokuxhumana. Isitoko samanje nokukhuphuka okwalandela ikakhulu kuvela ekuthengweni kwezimoto, ikakhulukazi okusekelwa yifektri yemoto. Ucwaningo nentuthuko yenqwaba yonke yokushaja ifaka ukuzicwaninga kwefekthri yezimoto, izingxenye ezisekelayo zamabhizinisi efektri yezimoto nezinsiza ezisekelayo zebhizinisi lokushaja.

Inqwaba ye-AC ngokuyisisekelo isuselwa ekwakhiweni kwe-ARM MCU, engahlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza. I-ZLG ingahlinzeka ngogesi, i-MCU, imikhiqizo yemodyuli yokuxhumana.

Umdwebo webhulokhi ojwayelekile wohlelo olujwayelekile uboniswa ngezansi.

2. DC inqwaba

Inqwaba ye-DC (inqwaba yokushaja okusheshayo) iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kufaka phakathi ukutholwa kombuso, ukushaja ukushaja, ukushaja ukulawula, iyunithi yezokuxhumana, njll. Njengamanje, iziqhwaga eziningi kufanele zibambe imakethe futhi zincintisane ngensimu, kanti nesabelo semakethe kudingeka kuhlanganiswe.

I-ZLG ingahlinzeka ngebhodi eyinhloko, i-MCU, imodyuli yokuxhumana, idivayisi ejwayelekile namanye amathuba.

Umdwebo webhulokhi ojwayelekile wohlelo olujwayelekile uboniswa ngezansi.

4. Ikusasa lokushaja inqwaba

Ngaphansi kokuzingelwa kwama-giants, imboni yokushaja inqwaba iba nezinguquko ezinkulu. Ngokombono wendlela yentuthuko, akunakugwenywa ukuthi inani lezinqwaba zokushaja lizoqhubeka likhula, amamodeli webhizinisi azogqitshwa, futhi izinto ze-Intanethi zizohlanganiswa.

Kodwa-ke, ukuze kuthathwe imakethe futhi kuthathwe insimu, imidondoshiya eminingi ilwa nendlela yayo, ngaphandle komqondo wokuthi "yabelana" futhi "ivuleke". Kunzima ukwabelana ngedatha komunye nomunye. Ngisho nemisebenzi yokuxhuma yokushaja nokukhokha phakathi kwama-giants ahlukile nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukile akukwazeki ukwenzeka. Kuze kube manje, ayikho inkampani ekwazile ukuhlanganisa imininingwane efanelekile yazo zonke izinqwaba zokushaja. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ayikho indinganiso efanayo phakathi kwezinqwaba zokushaja, okunzima ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sokusetshenziswa. Kunzima ukwakha indinganiso ebumbene, engagcini nje ngokwenza kube nzima kubanikazi bezimoto ukujabulela isipiliyoni sokushaja kalula, kepha futhi kukhulisa utshalomali olukhulu kanye nezindleko zesikhathi sokushaja imidondoshiya yenqwaba.

Ngakho-ke, ijubane lentuthuko nempumelelo yesikhathi esizayo noma ukwehluleka kwemboni yokushaja yinqwaba kunqunywa ukuthi ngabe izinga elihlanganisiwe lingakhiwa yini ngezinga elikhulu.